Miljöpåverkan
Morfin
Miljörisk:
Risk för miljöpåverkan av morfin kan inte uteslutas då ekotoxikologiska data saknas.
Nedbrytning:
Det kan inte uteslutas att morfin är persistent, då data saknas.
Bioackumulering:
Morfin har låg potential att bioackumuleras.
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Detaljerad miljöinformation
Environmental Risk Classification
Predicted Environmental Concentration (PEC)
PEC is calculated according to the following formula:
PEC (μg/L) = (A*109*(100-R))/(365*P*V*D*100) = 1,37*10-6*A(100-R)
PEC = 0.011 μg/L
Where:
A = 82.1 kg (total sold amount API of morphine hydrochloride (trihydrate) and morphine sulfate (pentahydrate) in Sweden year 2023, data from IQVIA) (Ref. 1)
R = removal rate = 0% (no data available)
P = number of inhabitants in Sweden = 10*106
V (L/day) = volume of waste water per capita and day = 200 (ECHA default) (Ref. 2)
D = factor for dilution of waste water by surface water flow = 10 (ECHA default) (Ref. 2)
Ecotoxicology
No ecotoxicological data available.
Degradation
No degradation data available
Bioaccumulation
An experimentally derived Log Pow of 0.89 (unknown method) (Ref. 3) indicates that morphine has a low potential for bioaccumulation.
Log Pow < 4 which justifies use of the phrase “Morphine has low potential for bioaccumulation”.
Excretion (metabolism)
Elimination of morphine occurs mainly through glucuronidation, and excretion of unchanged morphine in urine constitutes <0.1%. Morphine-6-glucoronide is excreted via urine, which means that morphine-6-glucoronide may accumulate in case of impaired renal function. Impaired hepatic and renal function affects elimination of the substance. (Ref. 4)
References:
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Data from IQVIA ”Consumption assessment in kg for input to environmental classification - updated 2024 (data 2023)”.
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ECHA, European Chemicals Agency. Guidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment. Ver 2.1, 2011
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Avdeef A., et al. (1996), ChemID+, US National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health
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SPC (Summary of Product Characteristics) Morfin Meda, 2018-11-02, FASS.se.