Miljöpåverkan
Dobutamin
Miljörisk:
Risk för miljöpåverkan av dobutamin kan inte uteslutas då ekotoxikologiska data saknas.
Nedbrytning:
Det kan inte uteslutas att dobutamin är persistent, då data saknas.
Bioackumulering:
Dobutamin har låg potential att bioackumuleras.
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Detaljerad miljöinformation
Appendix 1 - Template for environmental information at www.fass.se
Miljörisk: Risk för miljöpåverkan av dobutamin kan inte uteslutas då ekotoxikologiska data saknas.
Nedbrytning: Det kan inte uteslutas att dobutamin är persistent, då data saknas.
Bioackumulering: Dobutamin har låg potential att bioackumuleras.
Detailed background information
Environmental Risk Classification
Predicted Environmental Concentration (PEC)
PEC is calculated according to the following formula:
PEC (μg/L) = (A*109*(100-R))/(365*P*V*D*100) = 1.37*10-6*A(100-R)
PEC = 3.48*10-4 μg/L
Where:
A = 2.54 kg (total sold amount API in Sweden year 2021, data from IQVIA).
R = 0 % removal rate (due to loss by adsorption to sludge particles, by volatilization, hydrolysis or biodegradation)
P = number of inhabitants in Sweden = 10 *106
V (L/day) = volume of wastewater per capita and day = 200 (ECHA default) (Ref. I)
D = factor for dilution of waste water by surface water flow = 10 (ECHA default) (Ref. I)
Predicted No Effect Concentration (PNEC)
No ecotoxicological study results are available, hence the PNEC (μg/L) could not be estimated.
Environmental risk classification (PEC/PNEC ratio)
The PEC/PNEC ratio could not be calculated due to lack of data and therefore justifies the phrase: "Risk of environmental impact of dobutamine cannot be excluded, since no ecotoxicity data are available".
However, according to the European Medicines Agency guideline on environmental risk assessment of medicinal products (EMA/CHMP/SWP/4447/00), use of dobutamine is unlikely to represent a risk for the environment, because the predicted environmental concentration (PEC) is below the action limit 0.01 μg/L.
Degradation
No degradation data are available, hence justifies the phrase: "The potential for persistence of dobutamine cannot be excluded, due to lack of data".
Bioaccumulation
Partitioning coefficient:
Log P = 3.6 (experimental by unknow method) (Ref II)
Justification for bioaccumulation phrase:
Since log Log P < 4, the substance has low potential for bioaccumulation.
Excretion (metabolism)
Dobutamine is mainly metabolised in the tissue and liver. It is mainly metabolised to conjugated glucuronides as well as the pharmacologically inactive 3-O-methyldobutamine. The metabolites are mainly excreted in urine (more than 2/3 of the dose), and to a lesser extent in bile. (Ref III).
References
I. ECHA, European Chemicals Agency. 2008 Guidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment. http://guidance.echa.europa.eu/docs/guidance_document/information_requirements_en.htm
II. Drugbank online. https://go.drugbank.com/drugs/DB00841. Retrieved 2022-06-23.
III. SmPC Dobutamin Hameln 12,5 mg/ml koncentrat till infusionsvätska, lösning. MA no. 22330 (2022-01-20).