Miljöpåverkan
Niklosamid (vattenfri)
Miljörisk:
Risk för miljöpåverkan av niklosamid (vattenfri) kan inte uteslutas då ekotoxikologiska data saknas.
Nedbrytning:
Det kan inte uteslutas att niklosamid (vattenfri) är persistent, då data saknas.
Bioackumulering:
Niklosamid (vattenfri) har låg potential att bioackumuleras.
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Detaljerad miljöinformation
Environmental Risk Classification
Predicted Environmental Concentration (PEC)
PEC is calculated according to the following formula:
PEC (μg/L) = (A*109*(100-R))/(365*P*V*D*100) = 1.5*10-6*A*(100-R)
Where:
A = 0.502 kg (total sales data in Sweden in 2019 from IQVIA database).
R = 0 % removal rate (due to loss by adsorption to sludge particles, by volatilization, hydrolysis or biodegradation) = 0 if no data is available.
P = number of inhabitants in Sweden = 9 *106.
V (L/day) = volume of wastewater per capita and day = 200 (ECHA default). (1)
D = factor for dilution of wastewater by surface water flow = 10 (ECHA default). (1)
PEC = 0.000075 μg/L
Ecotoxicological studies
There is no ecotoxicological data available and, therefore, the PNEC may not be calculated.
Environmental risk classification (PEC/PNEC ratio)
As the PNEC may not be determined due to lacking ecotoxicity data it is not possible to calculate the risk (PEC/PNEC). Consequently, a risk of niclosamide to the environment cannot be excluded.
Degradation
Biotic degradation
There is no experimental data on the degradation of niclosamide in the environment.
Abiotic degradation
There is no experimental data on abiotic degradation of niclosamide in the environment.
Thus, there is no data on biotic or abiotic degradation of niclosamide and a potential for persistence cannot be excluded.
Bioaccumulation
There is no experimental data on the bioaccumulation potential of niclosamide. The prediction of biodegradability via KOWWIN v1.68 in EpiSuite estimates the log Kow as 4.56 and the BCF as 473 L/kg ww.
The BCF is more relevant compared to the log Kow and is < 500, which points to a low potential for bioaccumulation.
PBT/vPvB assessment
Niclosamide is not PBT or vPvB as the BCF is clearly below the thresholds of 2000 and 5000.
References
(1) ECHA, European Chemicals Agency. 2008 Guidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment. http://guidance.echa.europa.eu/docs/guidance_document/information_requirements_en.htm.